Avaliando o Ambiente de Inovação da Região do Triângulo da Pesquisa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20401/rasi.6.2.386Keywords:
AMIEM, technological parks, triple helix, quintuple helix, RTPAbstract
O artigo estuda a Região do Triângulo da Pesquisa (RTR), uma área de desenvolvimento econômico no estado da Carolina do Norte, EUA. O RTR compreende dois parques tecnológicos principais: o Research Triangle Park e o Centennial Campus da Universidade Estadual da Carolina do Norte. Foi aplicado o Modelo Amaral para Gestão de Ambientes de Inovação (AMIEM) aos parques da RTR e foram discutidos aspectos do desenvolvimento regional sob o prisma da gestão da inovação, além da adequação do modelo como uma ferramenta para avaliar ambientes complexos. O método de pesquisa é descritivo e exploratório. A pesquisa de campo, realizada durante os anos de 2016 e 2017, envolveu revisão de literatura, coleta de documentos e entrevistas semiestruturadas. O AMIEM é um modelo quali-quanti com onze fatores para medir o nível de maturidade das relações do tipo Triple Helix entre atores da academia (produtores de conhecimento), do setor produtivo de bens e serviços (produtores e usuários de conhecimento) e do governo (regulador social e econômico). Os parques da RTR possuem um alto nível de maturidade. Várias iniciativas bem-sucedidas e sobrepostas foram encontradas nos últimos sessenta anos, explicando o desenvolvimento regional.
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References
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Gibbons, M.; Limonges, C.; Nowotny, H.; Schartzman, S., & Trow, M. (1994), The New Production of Knowledge, Sage.
Ikenami, R., Garnica, L., & Ringer, N. (2016), “Innovation Ecosystems: An Analytical Approach of the Business Perspective For The Formulation of Interaction Strategies”, RACEF, 7(1):162-174. DOI:10.13059/racef.v7i1.232.
Henton, D., & Held, K. (2013), “The dynamics of Silicon Valley: Creative destruction and the evolution of the innovation habitat”, Social Science Information, 52(4):539-557. Doi:10.1177/0539018413497542
Hernández, M, (2015), “Ambientes innovadores en México: el caso del Corredor Industrial El Bajío”, Revista de Geografía Norte Grande, 62:203-221. Doi:10.4067/S0718-34022015000300012.
Jacoski, C.; Fontanela, C.; Pires, D.; Carlesso, L., & Hoss, R. (2015), “Regional development strategy - the case of the “Scientific and Technological Park Chapecó”, REBRAE, 8(3):356-370, Sept/Dec. Doi:10.7213/rebrae.08.003.AO06
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Leydesdorff, L. (2013), “Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations”, in: Elias G. Carayannis (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Creativity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship, New York: Springer, 1844-1851.
Leydesdorff, L. (2008), “Configurational Information as Potentially Negative Entropy: The Triple Helix Model”, Entropy 10(4):391-420.
Longhi, C. (1999), “Networks, Collective Learning and Technology Development in Innovative High Technology Regions: The Case of Sophia-Antipolis”, Regional Studies, 33(4):333-342.
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Lubik, S.; Garnsey, E.; Minshall, T. and Platts, K. (2013), “Value creation from the innovation environment: partnership strategies in university spin-outs”, R&D Management, 43(2):136-150. DOI:10.1111/radm.12006
Luger, M., & Goldstein, H. (1991), Technology in the Garden: Research Parks and Regional Economic Development, Chapel Hill.
Martinez-Cañas, R., & Ruíz-Palomino, P. (2011), “25 Years of Science Parks in Spain: Towards a New Model of Development”, Review of Business Information Systems, 15(5).
Mello, J. M., & Rocha, F. (2004), “Networking for regional innovation and economic growth: the Brazilian Petrópolis technopole”, International Journal Technology Management, 27(5):488-497.
Meszaros, P. (2004), “The History of North Carolina State University’s Centennial Campus”, Centennial Campus Documentation Project, NCSU Libraries.
Mineiro, A,; Silva, P.; Ottoboni, C., & Pasin, L. (2016), “Elements For Strengthening Local Innovation Network: A Case Study of Itajubá’s Innovation And Entrepreneurship System”, RACEF. 7(1):43-57. DOI:10.13059/racef.v7i1.183.
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Saxenian, A. (1994), Regional Advantage: Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128, Harvard University Press.
Schmidt, S., & Balestrin, A. (2015), “Brazilian Incubators and Science Parks’ Resources and R&D Collaboration”, J. Technol. Manag. Innov., 10(3). DOI:10.4067/S0718-27242015000300004
Svobodova, H., & Coupek, D. (2013), “Evaluation of Innovation Environment by View of High-Tech Entreprises: A Case Study of South Moravian Region”. In: Klimova, V.? Zitek, V. (ed). 16th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences, 174-181, Valtice, Czech Republic. DOI:10.5817/CZ.MUNI.P210-6257-2013-21.
Tornatzky, L., & Rideout, H. (2014), Innovation U 2.0 – Reinventing the University Roles in a Knowledge Economy, NCSU.
Varisa, M., & Littunena, H. (2012), “SMEs and Their Peripheral Innovation Environment: Reflections from a Finnish Case”, European Planning Studies, 20(4):47-582. DOI:10.1080/09654313.2012.665034
Vedovello, C. (1997), “Science parks and university-industry interaction: geographical proximity between the agents as a driving force”, Technovation, 17(9):491-531. Doi:10.1016/S0166-4972(97)00027-8
Wanga, S.; Fana, J.; Zhaoa, D., & Wanga, S. (2015), “Regional innovation environment and innovation efficiency: the Chinese case”, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 28(4):396-410. DOI:10.1080/09537325.2015.1095291
Amaral, M. (2015), “Management and assessment of innovation environments”, Triple Helix, 2:1-20.
ANPROTEC (2012), Estudo, Análise e Proposições sobre as Incubadoras de Empresas no Brasil – relatório técnico, ANPROTEC/MCTI, Brasília.
Bradley, S., Hayter, C., & Link, A. (2013), “Models and Methods of University Technology Transfer”, Department of Economics Working Paper Series 13-10, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
Becattini, G. (2002), “From Marshall’s to the Italian “Industrial Districts”, a Brief Critical Reconstruction”. In: Curzio, A. and Fortis, M., Complexity and Industrial Clusters, Springer, pp 83-106. Doi:10.1007/978-3-642-50007-7_6
Bush, V. (1945), Science, the Endless Frontier: a Report to the President. Washington: US Government Printing Office.
Katz, B., & Wagner, J. (2014), The Rise of Innovation Districts: A New Geography of Innovation in America, Brookings Institute.
Cabral, R., & Dahab, S. (1998), “Refining the Cabral-Dahab Science Park Management Paradigm”, International Journal of Technology Management, 16(8):813-818.
Carayannis, E.; Barth, T., & Campbell, D. (2014), “‘Mode 3’ and ‘Quadruple Helix’: Toward a 21st-century fractal innovation ecosystem”, International Journal of Technology Management, 46:3/4, 201-234.
Carayannis, E., Barth, T., & Campbell, D. (2012), “The Quintuple Helix innovation model: Global warming as a challenge and driver for innovation”, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1:2. Doi:10.1186/2192-5372-1-2.
Carayannis, E., Campbell, D., & Rehman, S. (2016), “Mode 3 knowledge production: systems and systems theory, clusters and networks”, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 5:17. DOI:10.1186/s13731-016-0045-9.
Carayannis, E., & Campbell, D. (2014), “Developed democracies versus emerging autocracies: arts, democracy, and innovation in Quadruple Helix innovation systems”, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 3, 12.
Carayannis, E., & Campbell, D. (2010), “Triple Helix, Quadruple Helix and Quintuple Helix and how do knowledge, innovation and the environment relate to each other?”, International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development, 1(1), 41-69.
Chesbrough, H. (2003), Open Innovation, Harvard Business School Press.
Collarino, R., & Torkomian, A. (2015), “Papel dos Parques Tecnológicos no Estímulo à Criação de Spin-Offs Acadêmicas”, Perspectivas em Gestão & Conhecimento, 5(2):201-225, Jul./dez, ISSN:2236-417X.
Correia, A. M., & Gomes, M. L. (2010), “Habitat Innovation Paqtcpb: Identifying Actions For Success”, Revista Gestão e Sociedade CEPEAD/UFMG, 4(8), Maio/Agosto. Doi:10.21171/ges.v4i8.897.
Etzkowitz, H. (2013), “Silicon Valley at risk? Sustainability of a global innovation icon: An Introduction to the Special Issue”, Social Science Information, 52(4):515-538. Doi:10.1177/0539018413501946
Etzkowitz, H. (2008), The Triple Helix: university-industry-government innovation in action, Routledge, New York.
Etzkowitz, H. (2002), MIT and the Rise of Entrepreneurial Science, London: Routledge.
Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (2000), “The dynamics of innovation: from National Systems and “Mode 2” to a Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations”, Research Policy, 29(2):109-123. DOI:10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00055-4
Faria, A. F., & Kekas, D. (2016), “A research park as an engine for the Triple Helix Model of industry, government, and academic interactions: Centennial Campus’ Springboard Innovation Hub case study”, Proceedings of 2016 University-Industry Innovation Network Conference. UIIIN: Amsterdam.
Figlioli, A., & Porto, G. (2012), “Financiamento de Parques tecnológicos: Um Estudo Comparativo de Casos Brasileiros, Portugueses e Espanhóis”, R.Adm., 47(2):290-306. DOI:10.5700/rausp1040.
Freeman, C. (1995), “The “National System of Innovation” in Historical Perspective”, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 15:5-24.
Gibbons, M.; Limonges, C.; Nowotny, H.; Schartzman, S., & Trow, M. (1994), The New Production of Knowledge, Sage.
Ikenami, R., Garnica, L., & Ringer, N. (2016), “Innovation Ecosystems: An Analytical Approach of the Business Perspective For The Formulation of Interaction Strategies”, RACEF, 7(1):162-174. DOI:10.13059/racef.v7i1.232.
Henton, D., & Held, K. (2013), “The dynamics of Silicon Valley: Creative destruction and the evolution of the innovation habitat”, Social Science Information, 52(4):539-557. Doi:10.1177/0539018413497542
Hernández, M, (2015), “Ambientes innovadores en México: el caso del Corredor Industrial El Bajío”, Revista de Geografía Norte Grande, 62:203-221. Doi:10.4067/S0718-34022015000300012.
Jacoski, C.; Fontanela, C.; Pires, D.; Carlesso, L., & Hoss, R. (2015), “Regional development strategy - the case of the “Scientific and Technological Park Chapecó”, REBRAE, 8(3):356-370, Sept/Dec. Doi:10.7213/rebrae.08.003.AO06
Lastres, H. M., & Cassiolato, J. E. (2005), “Innovation systems and local productive arrangements: new strategies to promote the generation, acquisition, and diffusion of knowledge”, Innovation: Management, Policy & Practice, 7(2-3):172-187. Doi:10.5172/impp.2005.7.2-3.172
Lee, C. (2000), The Silicon Valley Edge: A Habitat for Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Stanford University Press, ISBN 9780804740623.
Leunga, C. K., & Wub, C. T. (1995), “Innovation Environment, R&D Linkages and Technology Development in Hong Kong”, Regional Studies, 29(6):533-546. DOI:10.1080/00343409512331349163
Leydesdorff, L. (2013), “Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations”, in: Elias G. Carayannis (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Creativity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship, New York: Springer, 1844-1851.
Leydesdorff, L. (2008), “Configurational Information as Potentially Negative Entropy: The Triple Helix Model”, Entropy 10(4):391-420.
Longhi, C. (1999), “Networks, Collective Learning and Technology Development in Innovative High Technology Regions: The Case of Sophia-Antipolis”, Regional Studies, 33(4):333-342.
Link, A. (1995), A Generosity of Spirit: The Early History of the Research Triangle Park. Research Triangle Foundation.
Link, A. (2002), From Seed to Harvest: The Growth of the Research Triangle Park, UNC Press.
Link, A., & Scott, J. (2003), “The growth of Research Triangle Park”, Small Business Economics, 20:167-175.
Lubik, S.; Garnsey, E.; Minshall, T. and Platts, K. (2013), “Value creation from the innovation environment: partnership strategies in university spin-outs”, R&D Management, 43(2):136-150. DOI:10.1111/radm.12006
Luger, M., & Goldstein, H. (1991), Technology in the Garden: Research Parks and Regional Economic Development, Chapel Hill.
Martinez-Cañas, R., & Ruíz-Palomino, P. (2011), “25 Years of Science Parks in Spain: Towards a New Model of Development”, Review of Business Information Systems, 15(5).
Mello, J. M., & Rocha, F. (2004), “Networking for regional innovation and economic growth: the Brazilian Petrópolis technopole”, International Journal Technology Management, 27(5):488-497.
Meszaros, P. (2004), “The History of North Carolina State University’s Centennial Campus”, Centennial Campus Documentation Project, NCSU Libraries.
Mineiro, A,; Silva, P.; Ottoboni, C., & Pasin, L. (2016), “Elements For Strengthening Local Innovation Network: A Case Study of Itajubá’s Innovation And Entrepreneurship System”, RACEF. 7(1):43-57. DOI:10.13059/racef.v7i1.183.
NCSU (2015), Results, XV, 2, Winter 2015/2016, Office of Research, Innovation and Economic Development, NCSU.
NCSU (2011), The Pathway to the Future. North Carolina State University Strategic Plan 2011-2020, Retrieved from http://info.ncsu.edu/strategic-planning/overview/pathway-to-the-future/
Nikina, A., & Piqué, J. (ed.) (2016), Areas of Innovation in a Global World: Concept and Practice, International Association of Science Parks and Areas of Innovation.
Porter, M. E. (1998), The Competitive Advantage of Nations, Free Press. ISBN:978-0684841472.
Rohe, W. (2011), The Research Triangle: From Tobacco Road to Global Prominence,University of Pennsylvania Press.
Research Triangle Region Partnership (2016), 2016 State of the Research Triangle Region. Report retrieved at http://www.researchtriangle.org/news-events/2016-state-of-the-region-event.
RTFNC (2015), Park Center Guiding Principles, Research Triangle Foundation of North Carolina, September.
RTFNC (2011). The Research Triangle Park - Master Plan, Research Triangle Foundation of North Carolina, November.
Saxenian, A. (1994), Regional Advantage: Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128, Harvard University Press.
Schmidt, S., & Balestrin, A. (2015), “Brazilian Incubators and Science Parks’ Resources and R&D Collaboration”, J. Technol. Manag. Innov., 10(3). DOI:10.4067/S0718-27242015000300004
Svobodova, H., & Coupek, D. (2013), “Evaluation of Innovation Environment by View of High-Tech Entreprises: A Case Study of South Moravian Region”. In: Klimova, V.? Zitek, V. (ed). 16th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences, 174-181, Valtice, Czech Republic. DOI:10.5817/CZ.MUNI.P210-6257-2013-21.
Tornatzky, L., & Rideout, H. (2014), Innovation U 2.0 – Reinventing the University Roles in a Knowledge Economy, NCSU.
Varisa, M., & Littunena, H. (2012), “SMEs and Their Peripheral Innovation Environment: Reflections from a Finnish Case”, European Planning Studies, 20(4):47-582. DOI:10.1080/09654313.2012.665034
Vedovello, C. (1997), “Science parks and university-industry interaction: geographical proximity between the agents as a driving force”, Technovation, 17(9):491-531. Doi:10.1016/S0166-4972(97)00027-8
Wanga, S.; Fana, J.; Zhaoa, D., & Wanga, S. (2015), “Regional innovation environment and innovation efficiency: the Chinese case”, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 28(4):396-410. DOI:10.1080/09537325.2015.1095291
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